{"id":1258,"date":"2026-04-22T08:59:36","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T08:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/?post_type=standard&#038;p=1258"},"modified":"2026-06-04T05:41:35","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T05:41:35","slug":"astm-d2732","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/standard\/astm-d2732\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM D2732"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ASTM D2732 standarto supratimas atliekant plastikin\u0117s pl\u0117vel\u0117s bandymus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ASTM D2732<\/strong> nustato standartizuot\u0105 metod\u0105, skirt\u0105 \u012fvertinti <em>nevar\u017eomas linijinis terminis susitraukimas<\/em> plastiko pl\u0117veli\u0173 ir lak\u0161t\u0173. \u0160is metodas skirtas med\u017eiagoms, kuri\u0173 storis yra <strong>0,76 mm ar ma\u017eiau<\/strong>, tod\u0117l jis ypa\u010d tinka lanks\u010dioms pakuot\u0117ms, medicinin\u0117ms pl\u0117vel\u0117ms ir pramoniniam susitraukimo pl\u0117veli\u0173 naudojimui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gaminant pl\u0117vel\u0119, tokie procesai kaip ekstruzija ar i\u0161tempimas sukelia <strong>vidiniai \u012ftempiai<\/strong>. Veikiant \u0161ilumai, \u0161ie \u012ftempiai i\u0161siskiria, d\u0117l to med\u017eiaga susitraukia. Standartas ASTM D2732 leid\u017eia kiekybi\u0161kai \u012fvertinti \u0161\u012f rei\u0161kin\u012f, pad\u0117damas in\u017einieriams ir kokyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117s specialistams numatyti med\u017eiagos savybes esant termin\u0117ms s\u0105lygoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160iame standarte neaptariamas susitraukimas, kur\u012f sukelia tirpiklio netekimas, taip u\u017etikrinant, kad rezultatai tiksliai atspind\u0117t\u0173 terminius poveikius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Susitraukimo bandymo metodas: principai ir pramonin\u0117 reik\u0161m\u0117<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Svetain\u0117 <strong>susitraukimo bandymo metodas<\/strong> Pagal ASTM D2732 standart\u0105 vertinama, kiek pl\u0117vel\u0117 susitraukia, kai veikiama kontroliuojama temperat\u016bra. Tai suteikia svarbi\u0105 informacij\u0105 apie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Med\u017eiagos stabilumas veikiant kar\u0161\u010diui<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pakuot\u0117s vientisumas termi\u0161ko apdorojimo metu<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gamybos partij\u0173 nuoseklumas<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Temperat\u016bra atlieka lemiam\u0105 vaidmen\u012f. Susitraukimas da\u017enai priklauso nuo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Apdorojimo kryptis (pagal ma\u0161inos krypt\u012f ar skersai)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Polimero strukt\u016bra ir kristalinumas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pagrindini\u0173 derv\u0173 fazi\u0173 per\u0117jimo ta\u0161kai<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Atlikdami bandymus \u012fvairiomis temperat\u016bromis, vartotojai gali nustatyti <strong>susitraukimo profilio kreiv\u0117<\/strong>, o tai yra b\u016btina produkt\u0173 projektavimui ir proces\u0173 optimizavimui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201eFilm Free\u201c susitraukimo bandymo proced\u016bra: \u017eingsnis po \u017eingsnio<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Svetain\u0117 <strong>pl\u0117vel\u0117s be \u0161ilumos susitraukimo bandymo proced\u016bra<\/strong> u\u017etikrina, kad susitraukimas vykt\u0173 be i\u0161orini\u0173 apribojim\u0173, o tai leid\u017eia tiksliai \u012fvertinti med\u017eiagos savybes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pagrindiniai \u017eingsniai yra \u0161ie:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bandini\u0173 paruo\u0161imas<\/strong><br>I\u0161kirpkite m\u0117ginius iki <strong>100 mm \u00d7 100 mm<\/strong>. Kiekvienam temperat\u016bros ta\u0161kui naudokite ne ma\u017eiau kaip du m\u0117ginius.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u017dym\u0117jimas ir orientavimas<\/strong><br>Nustatykite ma\u0161inos krypt\u012f (MD) ir skersin\u0119 krypt\u012f (TD), kad b\u016bt\u0173 atsi\u017evelgta \u012f kryptin\u012f susitraukim\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u012ed\u0117jimas \u012f \u201eFree Shrink\u201c laikikl\u012f<\/strong><br>U\u017etikrinkite, kad bandinys likt\u0173 visi\u0161kai laisvas, ta\u010diau tuo pa\u010diu neleist\u0173 jam pl\u016bduriuoti kaitinimo terp\u0117je.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Temperat\u016bros registravimas<\/strong><br>Prie\u0161 panardinant \u012f voni\u0105, i\u0161matuokite ir u\u017era\u0161ykite vonios temperat\u016br\u0105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Panardinimo procesas<\/strong><br>Pamerkti m\u0117gin\u012f <strong>~10 sekund\u017ei\u0173<\/strong> arba kol bus pasiekta \u0161ilumin\u0117 pusiausvyra.<br><em>Venkite poveikio \u012fkaitintam pavir\u0161iui<\/em>, nes tai gali sukelti klaid\u0173.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Au\u0161inimo etapas<\/strong><br>Nedelsiant perkelkite \u012f kambario temperat\u016bros terp\u0119 stabilizavimui.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Matavimas<\/strong><br>Atv\u0117sinus, i\u0161matuokite galutinius matmenis tiek MD, tiek TD kryptimis.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Svarbu:<\/strong> Rankiuojant bandin\u012f, venkite jo i\u0161tempimo ar deformavimo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Susitraukimo apskai\u010diavimas ir duomen\u0173 interpretavimas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Susitraukimo procentas apskai\u010diuojamas taip:<math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mtext>Susitraukimas (%)<\/mtext><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>f<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\text{Susitraukimas (\\%)} = \\frac{L_0 \u2013 L_f}{L_0} \\times 100<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Susitraukimas (%) = L0\u200bL0\u200b\u2212Lf\u200b\u200b\u00d7100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mtext>Susitraukimas (%)<\/mtext><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><mo>\u2212<\/mo><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mi>f<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><msub><mi>L<\/mi><mn>0<\/mn><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\text{Susitraukimas (\\%)} = \\frac{L_0 \u2013 L_f}{L_0} \\times 100<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Susitraukimas (%) = L0\u200bL0\u200b\u2212Lf\u200b\u200b\u00d7100<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>L\u2080<\/em> = Pradinis ilgis (paprastai 100 mm)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>L_f<\/em> = Galutinis ilgis po susitraukimo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vertimo patarimai:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Didesn\u0117s vert\u0117s rodo didesn\u012f vidinio \u012ftempimo suma\u017e\u0117jim\u0105<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>MD ir TD skirtumai atskleid\u017eia orientacijos poveik\u012f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Daugiatemperat\u016briniai bandymai padeda nustatyti apdorojimo intervalus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Terminio susitraukimo bandymo \u012frenginys: \u012frangos parinkimas ir optimizavimas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7387b849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-constrained wp-block-column-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ASTM-D2732-Shrinkage-Test-Method-Film-Free-Shrink-Test.webp\" alt=\"ASTM D2732 susitraukimo bandymo metodas ir bandymas be pl\u0117vel\u0117s\" class=\"wp-image-1259\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ASTM-D2732-Shrinkage-Test-Method-Film-Free-Shrink-Test.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ASTM-D2732-Shrinkage-Test-Method-Film-Free-Shrink-Test-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ASTM-D2732-Shrinkage-Test-Method-Film-Free-Shrink-Test-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ASTM-D2732-Shrinkage-Test-Method-Film-Free-Shrink-Test-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>terminio susitraukimo matuoklis<\/strong> yra b\u016btina, norint atlikti ASTM D2732 bandym\u0105 u\u017etikrinant pakartojamum\u0105 ir tikslum\u0105. Pa\u017eangios sistemos u\u017etikrina:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stabilus temperat\u016bros reguliavimas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vienodas \u0161ilumos pasiskirstymas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tikslus laiko nustatymas ir panardinimo s\u0105lygos<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Svetain\u0117 <strong>FST-01 pl\u0117vel\u0117s neturintis susitraukimo testeris<\/strong> \u201eCell Instruments\u201c produktas yra specialiai sukurtas pagal \u0161\u012f standart\u0105. Jis u\u017etikrina:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00b10,3 \u00b0C temperat\u016bros tikslumas<\/strong>, u\u017etikrinant patikimus rezultatus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vienodas skys\u010dio kaitinimas<\/strong>, pa\u0161alinant vietin\u012f perkaitim\u0105<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Laisvai susitraukian\u010dios tvirtinimo detal\u0117s<\/strong>, i\u0161laikant nevar\u017eomas s\u0105lygas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Automatinis laiko valdymas<\/strong>, gerinant pakartojamum\u0105<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0160i \u012franga leid\u017eia laboratorijoms imituoti realias susitraukimo s\u0105lygas ir patikrinti pl\u0117vel\u0117s savybes prie\u0161 pradedant gamyb\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ASTM D2732 bandym\u0173 praktinis pritaikymas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Standartas ASTM D2732 atlieka itin svarb\u0173 vaidmen\u012f \u012fvairiose pramon\u0117s \u0161akose, kuriose terminio susitraukimo savyb\u0117s daro \u012ftak\u0105 eksploatacin\u0117ms savyb\u0117ms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lankstusis pakavimas:<\/strong> U\u017etikrina, kad pl\u0117vel\u0117 susitraukt\u0173 tolygiai, be i\u0161kraipym\u0173<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Medicinos ir farmacijos pramon\u0117s pakuot\u0117s:<\/strong> U\u017etikrina sterilios barjeros vientisum\u0105<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Terminiai susitraukiantys \u012fvoriai ir vamzdeliai:<\/strong> U\u017etikrina tinkam\u0105 prigludim\u0105 ir \u0161ilumos izoliacij\u0105<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pramonin\u0117s juostos:<\/strong> U\u017etikrina krovinio stabilum\u0105 vyniojant ant pad\u0117klo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bandymai leid\u017eia gamintojams suderinti med\u017eiag\u0173 savybes su galutinio naudojimo reikalavimais, taip suma\u017einant defekt\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173 ir padidinant produkto patikimum\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kokyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117s tobulinimas pagal ASTM D2732 standart\u0105<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nuoseklus ASTM D2732 standarto taikymas padeda pagerinti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Proceso patvirtinimas<\/strong> filmo k\u016brimo metu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tiek\u0117j\u0173 kokyb\u0117s u\u017etikrinimas<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gedim\u0173 analiz\u0117<\/strong> d\u0117l pakuot\u0117s defekt\u0173<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Atitiktis teis\u0117s aktams<\/strong> jautriose pramon\u0117s \u0161akose<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u012etraukdamos \u0161\u012f tyrim\u0105 \u012f \u012fprastines kokyb\u0117s kontrol\u0117s proced\u016bras, \u012fmon\u0117s gauna <strong>duomenimis pagr\u012fsta susitraukimo proceso kontrol\u0117<\/strong>, o tai tiesiogiai veikia produkto kokyb\u0119 ir klient\u0173 pasitenkinim\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Da\u017enai u\u017eduodami klausimai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Kokias med\u017eiagas galima tirti pagal ASTM D2732 standart\u0105?<\/strong><br>Tai taikoma plastikiniams pl\u0117vel\u0117ms ir lak\u0161tams, kuri\u0173 storis nevir\u0161ija 0,76 mm, \u012fskaitant PE, PET, PVC ir daugiasluoksnius laminatus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Kod\u0117l svarbu, kad susitraukimas neb\u016bt\u0173 ribojamas?<\/strong><br>Tai atspindi med\u017eiagos nat\u016brali\u0105 reakcij\u0105 \u012f \u0161ilum\u0105 be i\u0161orini\u0173 j\u0117g\u0173, tod\u0117l pateikiami tiksl\u016bs veikimo duomenys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Kiek laiko m\u0117giniai tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti panardinti?<\/strong><br>Paprastai tai trunka 10 sekund\u017ei\u0173, ta\u010diau storesn\u0117s arba naujos med\u017eiagos gali reikalauti papildomo patikrinimo, siekiant u\u017etikrinti visi\u0161k\u0105 susitraukim\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Kuo skiriasi MD ir TD susitraukimas?<\/strong><br>MD rei\u0161kia krypt\u012f i\u0161ilgai ma\u0161inos, o TD \u2013 skersin\u0119 krypt\u012f. \u0160ie skirtumai rodo apdorojimo orientacijos poveik\u012f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Ar galima <a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/d2732-14r25.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ASTM D2732<\/a> nusp\u0117ti tikr\u0105sias pakuot\u0117s eksploatacines savybes?<\/strong><br>Taip, kai tai derinama su daugiatemperat\u016briniais bandymais, tai labai tiksliai imituoja realias \u0161ilumines s\u0105lygas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding ASTM D2732 in Plastic Film Testing ASTM D2732 defines a standardized approach to evaluate the unrestrained linear thermal shrinkage of plastic films and sheeting. This method focuses on materials with a thickness of 0.76 mm or less, making it highly relevant for flexible packaging, medical films, and industrial shrink applications. During film manufacturing, processes [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":1259,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"standard-category":[64],"class_list":["post-1258","standard","type-standard","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","standard-category-astm"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1326,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1258\/revisions\/1326"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=1258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}