{"id":1261,"date":"2026-05-12T08:14:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-12T08:14:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/?post_type=standard&#038;p=1261"},"modified":"2026-05-12T09:09:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-12T09:09:33","slug":"astm-f1921","status":"publish","type":"standard","link":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/standard\/astm-f1921\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTM F1921"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1261\" class=\"elementor elementor-1261\" data-elementor-post-type=\"standard\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec1237 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5ec1237\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b53c995 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b53c995\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>ASTM F1921 \u0219i metoda de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald<\/h2><p>Standardul ASTM F1921 define\u0219te un <strong>metod\u0103 de laborator pentru m\u0103surarea rezisten\u021bei sigiliilor termice imediat dup\u0103 realizare<\/strong>, \u00eenainte ca materialul s\u0103 se r\u0103ceasc\u0103 la temperatura ambiant\u0103. Aceast\u0103 proprietate \u2014 cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de <em>rezisten\u021ba la lipire la cald<\/em>\u2014este esen\u021bial \u00een mediile de ambalare de mare vitez\u0103, \u00een special <strong>umplere-formare-sigilare (FFS)<\/strong> procese.<\/p><p>The <strong>metoda de testare prin lipire la cald<\/strong> simuleaz\u0103 condi\u021biile reale de sigilare prin aplicarea de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i presiune controlate asupra foliilor termoplastice.<\/p><p>Spre deosebire de testele conven\u021bionale de rezisten\u021b\u0103 a etan\u0219\u0103rii efectuate la temperatura camerei, standardul ASTM F1921 \u0219i metoda de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald evalueaz\u0103 <strong>integritatea garniturii \u00een timp real sub solicitare termic\u0103<\/strong>, ceea ce \u00eel face extrem de important pentru stabilitatea produc\u021biei \u0219i fiabilitatea ambal\u0103rii.<\/p><h2>Procesul de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald<\/h2><p>Standardul ASTM F1921 determin\u0103 rezisten\u021ba unei suduri termice imediat dup\u0103 realizarea acesteia. Ciclul de testare include sudarea, deschiderea f\u0103lcilor, retragerea, perioada de a\u0219teptare\/r\u0103cire \u0219i separarea cle\u0219tilor pentru m\u0103surarea for\u021bei.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef8e840 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ef8e840\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8140b4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8140b4b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e756c01 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"e756c01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-1-Seal.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1278\" alt=\"Procesul de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald \u2013 Etapa 1: Etan\u0219are\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-1-Seal.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-1-Seal-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">1. Sigiliu<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Cele dou\u0103 benzi sunt sigilate la o temperatur\u0103, o presiune \u0219i un timp de men\u021binere prestabilite.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4658d39 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"4658d39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85446db elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"85446db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-2-Open-Jaws.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1279\" alt=\"Procesul de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald 2 \u2013 f\u0103lci deschise\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-2-Open-Jaws.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-2-Open-Jaws-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">2. F\u0103lci deschise<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">F\u0103lcile se deschid \u0219i zona etan\u0219at\u0103 este eliberat\u0103.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81869d6 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"81869d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82dcd8d elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"82dcd8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-3-Withdraw.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1280\" alt=\"Procesul de testare prin lipire la cald, etapa 3: retragere\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-3-Withdraw.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-3-Withdraw-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">3. Retragere<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Proba este extras\u0103 automat dintre f\u0103lci.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3657b98 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3657b98\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e93267b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"e93267b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17acaff elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"17acaff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-4-Delay-Cooling.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1281\" alt=\"Procesul de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald 4: R\u0103cire cu \u00eent\u00e2rziere\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-4-Delay-Cooling.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-4-Delay-Cooling-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">4. \u00cent\u00e2rziere \/ R\u0103cire<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Dup\u0103 deschiderea f\u0103lcilor, \u00eencepe o \u00eent\u00e2rziere prestabilit\u0103 (timp de r\u0103cire).<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6530af elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"e6530af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f33db0e elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"f33db0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-5-Separate-Measure.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1282\" alt=\"Procesul de testare prin lipire la cald 5: Separare \u0219i m\u0103surare\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-5-Separate-Measure.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Hot-Tack-Testing-Process-5-Separate-Measure-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">5. Separare \u0219i m\u0103surare<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">M\u00e2nerele se separ\u0103 cu o vitez\u0103 constant\u0103, iar for\u021ba necesar\u0103 pentru a rupe sigiliul este m\u0103surat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la rupere.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1d4788 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1d4788\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Variabile cheie \u00een testarea conform standardului ASTM F1921<\/h2><ul><li><strong>Temperatura de etan\u0219are:<\/strong> De obicei, se variaz\u0103 pentru a genera o curb\u0103 de aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald<\/li><li><strong>Timp de sta\u021bionare:<\/strong><ul><li>Pelicule \u226425 \u00b5m: ~0,5 s<\/li><li>Pelicule de 25\u201364 \u00b5m: ~1,0 s<\/li><li>Pelicule de 64 \u00b5m: ~2,5 s<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>Presiunea de etan\u0219are:<\/strong> 15\u201330 N\/cm\u00b2<\/li><li><strong>Timp de r\u0103cire \/ timp de \u00eent\u00e2rziere:<\/strong> Define\u0219te intervalul de m\u0103surare<\/li><li><strong>Viteza de separare:<\/strong> De obicei, 200 mm\/min (Metoda A)<\/li><\/ul><p>Ace\u0219ti parametri influen\u021beaz\u0103 \u00een mod direct rezultatul <strong>rezisten\u021ba la sigilare la cald a ambalajelor flexibile<\/strong> materiale.<\/p><h2>Aparat de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald: echipament esen\u021bial pentru standardul ASTM F1921<\/h2><p>A <strong>aparat de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald<\/strong> este conceput special pentru a reproduce procesul de sigilare \u0219i dezlipire imediat\u0103 definit \u00een standardul ASTM F1921. Sistemele avansate \u2014 precum cele dezvoltate de Cell Instruments Co., Ltd. \u2014 ofer\u0103:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Sisteme de control bazate pe PLC<\/strong> pentru repetabilitate<\/li><li><strong>Reglarea temperaturii prin PID (precizie de \u00b10,2 \u00b0C)<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Cicluri de testare automatizate<\/strong> eliminarea influen\u021bei operatorului<\/li><li><strong>Viteze \u0219i presiuni de testare reglabile<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>M\u0103surarea for\u021bei la rezolu\u021bie \u00eenalt\u0103<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-696a839 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"696a839\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a44a8e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a44a8e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Solu\u021bia recomandat\u0103<\/h3><p>Seria Cell Instruments HTT suport\u0103:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Metoda A (\u00eent\u00e2rziere fix\u0103)<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>Metoda B (\u00eent\u00e2rziere variabil\u0103)<\/strong><\/li><li>Moduri multiple de testare: aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald, rezisten\u021b\u0103 la dezlipire, rezisten\u021b\u0103 la trac\u021biune, sigilare termic\u0103<\/li><li>Testare la vitez\u0103 mare de p\u00e2n\u0103 la <strong>12 000 mm\/min<\/strong> (HTT-02)<\/li><\/ul><p>Aceast\u0103 flexibilitate permite caracterizarea precis\u0103 a diferitelor materiale \u0219i a comportamentelor de etan\u0219are.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d56d80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1d56d80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"638\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ASTM-F1921-Hot-Tack-Tester.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1283\" alt=\"Aparat de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald conform standardului ASTM F1921\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ASTM-F1921-Hot-Tack-Tester.webp 400w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ASTM-F1921-Hot-Tack-Tester-188x300.webp 188w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/ASTM-F1921-Hot-Tack-Tester-8x12.webp 8w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c31033e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c31033e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>Rezisten\u021ba la sigilare la cald a ambalajelor flexibile<\/strong><\/h2><p>The <strong>rezisten\u021ba la sigilare la cald a ambalajelor flexibile<\/strong> determin\u0103 dac\u0103 un ambalaj poate rezista la solicit\u0103ri imediat dup\u0103 sigilare. O aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald slab\u0103 poate duce la:<\/p><ul><li>Deschiderea sigiliului \u00een timpul umplerii<\/li><li>Contaminarea produsului sau scurgerea acestuia<\/li><li>Eficien\u021b\u0103 redus\u0103 a ambal\u0103rii<\/li><li>Cre\u0219terea cantit\u0103\u021bii de de\u0219euri \u0219i a timpilor de nefunc\u021bionare<\/li><\/ul><p>Standardul ASTM F1921 ajut\u0103 produc\u0103torii:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Clasificarea performan\u021belor materialelor<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Optimizarea parametrilor de etan\u0219are<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>Asigurarea robuste\u021bii procesului \u00een opera\u021biunile FFS<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><h2>Metode de \u00eencercare ASTM F1921<br \/>\u2014Metoda A vs. Metoda B<\/h2><p>Standardul ASTM F1921 prevede dou\u0103 abord\u0103ri distincte:<\/p><h3>Metoda A \u2013 \u00cent\u00e2rziere fix\u0103<\/h3><ul><li>M\u0103soar\u0103 rezisten\u021ba etan\u0219\u0103rii la <strong>timpii specifici de r\u0103cire<\/strong><\/li><li>Genereaz\u0103 un <strong>Curba rezisten\u021bei la lipire la cald \u00een func\u021bie de timp<\/strong><\/li><li>Potrivit pentru analiza detaliat\u0103 a comportamentului de r\u0103cire<\/li><\/ul><h3>Metoda B \u2013 \u00cent\u00e2rziere variabil\u0103<\/h3><ul><li>M\u0103suri <strong>for\u021ba maxim\u0103 dup\u0103 o \u00eent\u00e2rziere selectat\u0103<\/strong><\/li><li>Mai rapid \u0219i mai simplu pentru testele de control al calit\u0103\u021bii de rutin\u0103<\/li><li>Ideal pentru <strong>medii de produc\u021bie<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><h2>Moduri de defectare \u00een cadrul test\u0103rii prin lipire la cald<\/h2><p>Pentru a interpreta corect rezultatele standardului ASTM F1921, este esen\u021bial s\u0103 se \u00een\u021beleag\u0103 modurile de separare a garniturilor. Diferitele tipuri de defectare indic\u0103 probleme diferite legate de material sau de proces.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63ec2a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63ec2a0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7ab802 e-con-full e-grid e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7ab802\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34fc5c5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"34fc5c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1284\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea cu lipire la cald 1\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-1.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-1-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">\u00cendep\u0103rtarea adezivului<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Separarea are loc la interfa\u021ba dintre cele dou\u0103 suprafe\u021be.<br><b>Indic\u0103: <\/b>Aderen\u021b\u0103 interfacial\u0103 slab\u0103 sau c\u0103ldur\u0103\/presiune insuficiente.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9691fc8 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"9691fc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-2.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1285\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 2\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-2.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-2-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Exfoliere cu efect de coeziune<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Defec\u021biunea apare \u00een unul dintre straturile de polimer.<br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Leg\u0103tur\u0103 interfacial\u0103 puternic\u0103; materialul \u00een sine cedeaz\u0103.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8ab6b4 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"b8ab6b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-3.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1286\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 3\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-3.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-3-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Delaminare<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Separarea dintre straturile unei structuri multistrat. <br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Leg\u0103turi slabe \u00eentre straturi \u00een materialele laminate.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90ba3b6 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"90ba3b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-4.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1287\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 4\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-4.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-4-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Pauz\u0103 pentru material<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Filmul se desprinde din zona de etan\u0219are<br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Etan\u0219area este mai rezistent\u0103 dec\u00e2t substratul.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f67fd38 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"f67fd38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-5.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1288\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 5\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-5.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-5-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Pauz\u0103 la distan\u021b\u0103<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Ruptura are loc \u00eentr-un loc \u00eendep\u0103rtat de garnitur\u0103.<br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Garnitura este mult mai rezistent\u0103 dec\u00e2t materialul.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b467121 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"b467121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-6.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1289\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 6\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-6.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-6-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Alungirea materialului<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Materialul nesigilat se \u00eentinde considerabil \u00eenainte de a se rupe.<br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Ductilitate \u0219i flexibilitate ridicate ale foliei.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17b150b elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"17b150b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"162\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-7.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1290\" alt=\"Moduri de defectare \u00een testarea prin lipire la cald 7\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-7.webp 162w, https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Failure-Modes-in-Hot-Tack-Testing-7-16x12.webp 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h3 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Dezvelire cu alungire<\/h3><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\"><p style=\"text-align: left\">Exfolierea \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de o alungire semnificativ\u0103 a materialului nesigilat.<br><b>Indic\u0103:<\/b> Combina\u021bia dintre cedarea adezivului \u0219i ductilitatea materialului.<\/p><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-544c157 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"544c157\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Realizarea unei curbe \u201eHot Tack\u201d pentru optimizarea procesului<\/h2><p>A <strong>curba de aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald<\/strong> reprezint\u0103 grafic rezisten\u021ba sigiliului \u00een func\u021bie de temperatur\u0103. Acesta ajut\u0103 la identificarea:<\/p><ul><li>Temperatura de ini\u021biere a etan\u0219\u0103rii (SIT)<\/li><li>Fereastr\u0103 cu etan\u0219are optim\u0103<\/li><li>Rezisten\u021ba maxim\u0103 la lipire la cald<\/li><\/ul><p>Aceste date le permit inginerilor s\u0103 <strong>reglarea fin\u0103 a parametrilor de etan\u0219are pentru o performan\u021b\u0103 constant\u0103 a procesului de ambalare<\/strong>.<\/p><h2>\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre standardul ASTM F1921<\/h2><ol><li><strong> Care este scopul principal al standardului ASTM F1921?<\/strong><br \/>Acesta evalueaz\u0103 <strong>rezisten\u021ba la aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald a garniturilor termoplastice imediat dup\u0103 etan\u0219are<\/strong>, asigur\u00e2nd fiabilitatea ambalajelor pe parcursul procesului de produc\u021bie.<\/li><li><strong> \u00cen ce fel difer\u0103 standardul ASTM F1921 de standardul ASTM F88?<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/store.astm.org\/f1921_f1921m-12r23.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">ASTM F1921<\/a> m\u0103suri <strong>rezisten\u021ba la sigilare la cald<\/strong>, \u00een timp ce standardul ASTM F88 m\u0103soar\u0103 <strong>rezisten\u021ba la sigilare la rece<\/strong> dup\u0103 r\u0103cire.<\/li><li><strong> Ce industrii utilizeaz\u0103 testarea prin lipire la cald?<\/strong><br \/>Industriile alimentar\u0103, farmaceutic\u0103, a dispozitivelor medicale \u0219i a ambalajelor flexibile se bazeaz\u0103 \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 pe acest test.<\/li><li><strong> Care este diferen\u021ba dintre metoda A \u0219i metoda B?<\/strong><br \/>Metoda A m\u0103soar\u0103 rezisten\u021ba \u00een func\u021bie de timp; Metoda B \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 for\u021ba maxim\u0103 dup\u0103 o \u00eent\u00e2rziere.<\/li><li><strong> De ce este important\u0103 aderen\u021ba la cald \u00een procesele FFS?<\/strong><br \/>Deoarece garniturile sunt supuse la solicit\u0103ri \u00eenainte de r\u0103cire, o aderen\u021b\u0103 la cald insuficient\u0103 poate provoca <strong>defec\u021biunea sigiliului \u00een timpul ambal\u0103rii<\/strong>.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ASTM F1921 \u0219i metoda de testare a aderen\u021bei la cald (Hot Tack) ASTM F1921 define\u0219te o metod\u0103 de laborator pentru m\u0103surarea rezisten\u021bei sigiliilor termice imediat dup\u0103 formarea acestora, \u00eenainte ca materialul s\u0103 se r\u0103ceasc\u0103 la temperatura ambiant\u0103. Aceast\u0103 proprietate \u2014 cunoscut\u0103 sub denumirea de rezisten\u021b\u0103 la lipire la cald \u2014 este esen\u021bial\u0103 \u00een mediile de ambalare de mare vitez\u0103, \u00een special \u00een procesele de formare, umplere \u0219i sigilare (FFS). Metoda de testare a rezisten\u021bei la lipire la cald simuleaz\u0103 condi\u021biile reale de sigilare prin [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"standard-category":[64],"class_list":["post-1261","standard","type-standard","status-publish","hentry","standard-category-astm"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/standard"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1261\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1297,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard\/1261\/revisions\/1297"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"standard-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.packtests.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/standard-category?post=1261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}